Periodontal disease is a problem that can be avoided. It is caused primarily by poor oral hygiene and becomes a chronic bacterial infection. If left untreated, it can lead to the loss of teeth due to weakening of the supporting structures. This dental condition can affect not just the gingiva (gums), but also other related areas. If it progresses, it can destroy the cementum, alveolar bone and periodontal ligament.
The word periodontal refers to the area surrounding the tooth. Any dentist will tell you that plaque is the primary culprit. This substance is sticky and yellowish white. It builds up in the cervical third of teeth and seeps into the v-shaped crevice found between the tooth and gingival.
Our mouth is no stranger to bacteria. It only becomes a problem when we become lazy with regard to oral hygiene. This condition should not be left untreated if you want to have your teeth around in your old age. The specialists at our Boulder dental group would like to eradicate this problem completely.
Types of Periodontal Disease
Gingivitis
This condition is periodontal disease at its mildest form. The patient will exhibit red gums that are swollen. They will bleed even when the mildest contact is applied. This is a reversible condition if you improve your oral hygiene and visit your dentist regularly.
Periodontitis
When gingivitis is left untreated, it will soon evolve into periodontitis. This happens when plaque travels into the sulcus and attacks the structures found below. The wastes that the bacteria eliminate will stimulate an inflammatory response. The gums will begin to separate from the tooth as the structures that support it are infected. The pockets deepen with time, which is a sign that periodontitis has progressed. The symptoms might appear mild, but you can be sure that tooth loss will follow.
Common Causative Factors
- Tobacco is been identified as a major causative agent.
- People genetically predisposed to periodontal disease.
- Hormone fluctuation in women who have hit puberty or menopause and those who are pregnant.
- Individuals who are stressed.
- People taking heart medications, anti-depressants and oral contraceptives are at risk.
- People with diabetes are prone to periodontal disease.
Treatment and Prevention
If you have periodontal disease, your dentist might suggest scaling and root planning. This will require multiple visits. The aim is to remove the debris from the sulcus. The dentist will administer a local anesthetic to prevent discomfort during the procedure. The roots are then subject to planing procedures. This is done to stimulate gum reattachment. Scaling is done to remove the debris found inside the periodontal pockets. People with aggravated cases will be prescribed a special mouthwash and antibiotics after the procedure.
Keep your oral cavity safe by brushing regularly, flossing at least once daily and changing your toothbrush every three months. Visits to Dr. Carolyn Kupka for routine check-ups and cleaning sessions at least every six months are also recommended.
